• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    SUMMARY The invention relates to a coupling device without electrical contact between a source and a load for transmitting an electric alternating current with a frequency of less than 2 kHz and having at least one phase, the device comprising two parts, which are releasable and assembled as desired in a separate configuration adapted for the transmission of current without electrical contact, a primary part (P1) intended to be connected to the source and a secondary part (P2) intended to be connected to the load. The invention is such that the two parts, when assembled, form a structure analogous to the structure of a single-synchronous or synchronous three-phase motor with rotor / stator. Publication image: Fig. 3
    公开号:SE537067C2
    申请号:SE1251412
    申请日:2011-06-29
    公开日:2014-12-23
    发明作者:Stéphane Tollet；Gabriel Grenon；Alain Fidani；Gilles Lacour
    申请人:Total Sa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    537 067 If necessary, this DC component DC is optionally transferred to a DC / AC converter C2 which is shown in broken line and which makes it possible to release an AC AC in one or three phases, as required.
    Thus, the magnetic field created by the flux of the high frequency signal in the coil of the primary circuit, in the coil of the secondary circuit, generates an induced current flux which makes it possible to provide electric power.
    Such a transmission of current requires the use of a high frequency signal and the presence of an electronics intended for converting the available signal into such a high frequency signal.
    Low frequency electrical effects, or in the sense of the invention signals with a frequency lower than 2 kHz, would not be suitable to be transmitted from one part of a switching device to the other part in the absence of an electronics intended for conversion of the signal.
    These are particularly handicapping hostile environments, of the underwater environment type, as it is well known that the electrical components are very sensitive to hostile atmospheres and are subject to malfunctions. The use of such electronics in these environments would lead to a weak robustness, a short service life and a poor reliability of the coupling device. In the case of an injury, the high costs and difficulties of intervening are also obstacles. It is noted here that the use of electrical components is also not desirable in other types of hostile environments, such as sand deserts, environments where the components bathe in oil, etc. The invention finds different areas of use there. The invention in fact means that it is not necessary to carry out a thorough cleaning of the connectors or that it is not necessary to isolate the connectors from the environment in which they operate.
    In all these hostile environments, it is thus crucial to enable a transmission of electrical power in the absence of a specific electronics in the vicinity of the switching device.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention thus has for its main object to alleviate the inconveniences of the prior art and to make it possible to transmit three-phase electric current without having to modify the frequency of the signal being transmitted, by proposing a switching device without electrical contact between a source and a load of an alternating electric current having a frequency of less than 2 kHz and having at least one phase, the device comprising a primary part intended to be connected to the source and a secondary part intended to be connected to the load, these parts, according to are releasable and assembled in a special configuration intended for the transmission of current without electrical contact, each of the parts comprising an element of ferromagnetic material and at least one coil enclosed in a tight enclosure, the shapes of the two ferromagnetic elements being such that when the two parts are assembled, the two ferromagnetic elements form a closed one ferromagnetic circuit, which after assembly has a plurality of minor discontinuities at the dense inclusions enclosing the parts, and wherein the respective positions of the coils relative to the respective ferromagnetic elements are such that when the two parts are assembled, the coil of the primary part, called the primary coil, surrounds a branch of the ferromagnetic circuit, which is thus capable of conducting a magnetic flux created by an alternating current flowing in this coil and the coil of the secondary part, called secondary coil, also surrounds a branch of the ferromagnetic circuit, so that an induced current flows in the secondary coil when the magnetic circuit is traversed by a variable magnetic flux, which device is characterized in that the electric current is a three-phase current, that one of the parts called trade has a shape which enables coaxial insertion, during the assembly of the parts, into a complementary opening supported by the other the part called hondel, that trade and hondel ferromagnety elements shall both have a rotational symmetry and on the outside and inside respectively be provided with an equal number of 6N longitudinal columns, which are evenly distributed over the section of the ferromagnetic parts and form the same number of ferromagnetic circuit branches, where N is the number of poles per phase, N is greater than or equal with 1, these columns enabling winding of 3N coils, the windings of 3N coils being performed to form on the trade and female part a structure analogous to the structure of an asynchronous or synchronous three-phase motor with rotor / stator.
    With the invention, the two parts are provided with complementary ferromagnetic elements, so that a closed magnetic circuit is recreated during the assembly of the two parts as if on minor discontinuities located at the air gap. It is already known that the presence of ferromagnetic material makes it possible to facilitate the flow or conduction of the magnetic field.
    Below 2 kHz, it is thus possible to transmit a current without electronics and thus make the system robust and reliable. The materials used are selected specifically for their magnetic properties. In addition, since the device according to the invention is such that the recreated circuit is closed, it is the seat of a promoted conduction of the magnetic field, which enables the transmission of the low-frequency electric current from the primary part to the secondary part. The confinement in a tight enclosure can be achieved by coating with a dense material, typically plastic, by encapsulating in a housing, a housing or a tight hood possibly including a dielectric oil which drowns the ferromagnetic element and the coils and which makes it possible to equalize the pressure with the environment of the tight cover or in any other way that makes it possible to preserve the ferromagnetic element isolated from the external environment.
    The shapes of the parts also enable assembly in the special configuration. These shapes thus constitute means for controlling the parts in relation to each other.
    The invention makes it possible to achieve a coupling device which has a rotational symmetry, which greatly simplifies the assembly of the two parts. The complementary rotationally symmetrical shapes of the male and female parts are typically cylindrical or conical shapes, the important thing being that each of these parts can carry windings suitable for use in this embodiment. This design also makes it possible to easily implement several poles per phase on the contours of the male and female parts. The electric current is thus recovered directly at the poles of the secondary part in the form of three-phase current recreated from induced currents. The coils of the secondary part are connected for this in a specific way with three output wires of the secondary part.
    According to an advantageous feature, the trade is hollow in the center for facilitating thermal exchange by convection.
    This feature makes it possible to ensure a good thermal regulation of the coupling device.
    According to a special feature, the male and female parts comprise at least two complementary fail-safe elements on the outer and inner contour of the male and female parts, respectively, so that assembly of the trade in the female part in a special position where each column of the trade is opposite a column of the female part is possible.
    The fail-safe elements, typically a pin which is complementary to a cutting insert, enable precise positioning of the two parts in relation to each other. It is noted that the number of fail-safe elements could be multiplied on at least one of the parts, these fail-safe elements being evenly distributed on the outer and inner contours of the ferromagnetic elements of the male and female parts, so that insertion of the trade into the female part is possible only for those positions in which each column of the trade is the center of a column of the female part. Typically, one of the parts could have a pin and the other part as many notches as columns. The pin could thus be placed in any of the grooves, while ensuring the correct relative placement of the columns of one, the primary circuit, opposite the others, of the secondary circuit.
    However, since the created field is rotatable, alignment of the columns is not useful for achieving a correct and constant productivity.
    Except in special circumstances, it would thus be advantageous not to implement fail-safe elements in order to be able to assemble the two parts independently of the relative angular positions. This optional assembly makes it possible to achieve a very large simplicity in the assembly of the two parts.
    It is pointed out, however, that these fail-safe elements are not useful for immobilizing both parts of the connector when the objects on which both parts of the connector are placed are in fixed positions during operating periods.
    This is the case with underwater equipment in which the connectors are placed fixedly in relation to these equipment, which are in a certain position in relation to each other during current transfer operations.
    The number of pole pairs per phase is advantageously two or three.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inclusions of the parts and the parts have such dimensions that the smaller discontinuities at the air gap are between 2 and 40 mm.
    The distance of 2 mm corresponds to a thin thickness of dense material on the surface of ferromagnetic elements intended to be approached during the assembly of the parts. The play between the two parts is thus greatly reduced. The distance of 40 mm increases the phase shift UI introduced by crossing the discontinuity. Over this distance, the transmission is no longer correct for the frequencies affected by the invention.
    According to an advantageous embodiment, the discontinuities are between 4 and 20 mm. This interval enables the presence of a correct game while ensuring a good current transmission.
    According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the discontinuities are between 5 and 10 mm. In this interval a very good current transmission is ensured and the presence of a winch enables a suitable control of the parts in relation to each other.
    It is pointed out that the cylindrical geometry of the parts makes it possible to ensure the presence of a winch as opposed to the use of two conical parts, one of which rests on the other.
    This embodiment makes it possible to ensure that the discontinuities are small in relation to the total dimensions of the magnetic circuit.
    In a preferred application, the device according to the invention is intended to be used, for one of the two parts, on an underwater base and, for the other part, on a vehicle, a sensor or an underwater actuator intended to be placed on the underwater base to ensure an electric power transmission between the two parts.
    The possibility of easily connecting two parts to achieve a power transmission without electrical contact and without electronics is achieved in the underwater operating environment. The power transfer can be from the vehicle to the base or vice versa as a function of the needs of the application. The object of the invention, which means that the two parts have a certain mass, is moreover not a handicap in underwater applications, which makes it a favorable area of use for the invention.
    According to an advantageous embodiment, each part of the device is suitable to be attached to the underwater base and to the vehicle.
    With this embodiment, it is sufficient to place the vehicle on the base for interconnection of the two parts and immobilization of the two parts in relation to each other. A vehicle parked on an underwater base can in fact not tip in relation to this base and is definitely placed in relation to this.
    Brief Description of the Drawings Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which show a non-limiting embodiment.
    Fig. 1 shows the principle of the device for current transmission by induction according to the prior art, Fig. 2 shows the principle of the device for current transmission by induction according to the invention in single phase, Fig. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of the invention for a three-phase current shown without coils, Fig. 4 shows the ferromagnetic elements of the embodiment with two coils shown, Fig. 5 shows the magnetic flow lines in the ferromagnetic elements of the embodiment of the device according to the invention, on a section of ferromagnetic elements.
    DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Fig. 2 schematically shows the principle according to the invention, which avoids the presence of a certain number of electronic equipment for effecting conversion of current and frequency.
    This figure describes the transmission of an electric single-phase alternating current cpAC with a frequency lower than 2 kHz. The current is fed directly to a coil B1 without modifying the frequency. The coil B1 is wound around a column C11 of a ferromagnetic element F1, this column forming a branch of the ferromagnetic circuit. The ferromagnetic element F1 has the general shape of a C. In the middle of this ferromagnetic element F1 is a ferromagnetic element F2 which is identical to the element F1 placed and around it a coil B2 is wound. The ferromagnetic elements typically consist of plates that are cut and then pressed onto each other. The unit thus assembled thus constitutes the ferromagnetic element. This manufacturing technique is known for the manufacture of transformers in which the magnetic circuit is constructed to be closed without an air gap and without any possibility of disassembly / assembly. The primary and secondary circuits each comprise a coil B1 for the primary circuit and B2 for the secondary circuit, respectively, and a ferromagnetic element F1 for the primary circuit and F2 for the secondary circuit.
    The ferromagnetic elements are such that the coils B1 and B2 are each wound around a column C11 and C12 of the corresponding ferromagnetic element.
    The two ferromagnetic elements F1 and F2 are separated by a minor discontinuity. They thus form, at this position, a closed magnetic circuit along which the magnetic flux flows generated by the presence of a magnetic field created inside the coil B1 when a current flows therein. The field induces currents in the coil B2. It is these induced currents that enable the transmission of the electrical power.
    Fig. 3 shows an embodiment in which the two ferromagnetic elements and their coils have a structure which has analogies with the structure of an asynchronous or synchronous three-phase motor with rotor / stator. It is noted, however, that the poles of each phase of the trade are not short-circuited, but connected specifically to output wires of the connector for connection to the source or to the load as a function of the role, primary or secondary, for the part of the connector.
    A female part, which is designated as primary part P1 in the example in Fig. 3, comprises for this purpose a ferromagnetic element F1 with a substantially cylindrical shape on the inner surface, on which radial columns are arranged, here twelve columns C12-C112, which are longitudinal and follow the axis of the cylinder. In these cases, the columns against which the windings of the coils take support are defined by as many grooves E1i (resp. E2i) as columns C1i (resp. C2i) in the contour of the part P1 (resp. P2). It is pointed out that these grooves are advantageously such that the columns have a T-shaped structure on the section which is perpendicular to the axis of the male and female parts. This T-shaped structure has the double advantage of holding the windings at the bottom of the notch and reducing the leakage lines.
    These radial columns C11-C112 here enable the winding of six coils in the manner used in the manufacture of asynchronous three-phase motors with two pole pairs.
    In a general way, the coils are mounted in the grooves so that one or more pole pairs of perfas are formed. The winding of the coils on the primary part P1 is shown schematically in Fig. 4, which shows the paths, in broken line, of the three coils B11, B12 and B13 each wound around a first column C1i and a second column Ci1 + 2. The coils B11, B12, B13 with three phases are in fact wound overlapping. A first coil loop passes between columns C1i + 2 and C1i + 3. This wraps each coil using the notches Ei and Ei + 3. When 2 + 2 + 2 = 6 consecutive grooves have been used for winding three coils, half of the grooves, located on one and the same side of the part, are filled.
    The winding process is then resumed with three new coils, each representing the other pole of each of the phases wound on the remaining six grooves on the other side of the part in a manner similar to that described above.
    The trade, which here is called the secondary part P2, is in turn, also with a substantially cylindrical shape, possibly hollow for improving heat exchange with the surroundings. It is provided on its outside with the same number of radial, longitudinal columns, which follow the axis of the cylinder, as the primary part P1. Six coils are also wound on it in the manner schematically shown in Fig. 4. The two ferromagnetic elements F1 and F2 are separated by an air gap designated EF and shown schematically in the form of a cylinder. In this cylinder EF are the thicknesses of dense materials enclosing the two parts, not shown in Fig. 3, and the clearance necessary for assembly.
    Possibly, the two parts could comprise one or more fail-safe elements that make it possible to align the columns in the middle of each other.
    Typically, a pin projecting from the secondary portion P2 would be intended to engage a groove formed in the portion P1. It is noted here that a single notch could occur and ensure that the location is always exactly the same. It is noted here, however, that a number less than or equal to twelve notches could also be formed in the part P1, these notches ensuring a number of possible locations in which the columns of the two parts would be in line with each other.
    Since the field obtained with the three phases is a rotatable magnetic field, the placement of the parts in line with each other is still not necessary. However, it is generally advantageous that the assembly of the two parts can be done in any angular position. Although a small displacement between the columns does not damage the overall performance of the power transmission, this does not prove to be practical in most cases to achieve only the energy transfer.
    It is also pointed out here that in the case of using a connector according to the invention in a context where each of the male and female parts is attached to two objects to be connected, the use of such a fail-safe device is unnecessary. When the connector is installed on a stand-alone vehicle or mobile underwater system on the one hand and an underwater base on the other, the uniqueness of the vehicle's or mobile system's location on the base makes the use of a fail-safe device superfluous. In addition, this unique location is generally ensured by elements that make it possible to block the vehicle or mobile system in position. Thus, rotation of the part fixedly attached to the vehicle or mobile system relative to the base on which the other part is attached is prevented. The structure, comparable to that of a motor with rotor / stator, can thus not provide space for triggering a relative movement between the parts in relation to each other.
    In the embodiment of Figs. 3 and 4, the switching device is such that each phase is associated with two poles. This results in the presence of six coils distributed on the contour of the ferromagnetic elements F1 and F2. 537 067 When a three-phase current flows in the pole pairs associated with a phase, it is noted that the modified magnetic flux constantly follows flow lines passing through the smaller discontinuities at the air gap between the parts P1 and P2. It is then variations in the magnetic flux that generate the induced currents in the coils of the secondary part P2. Measurements made on a prototype described in Fig. 5 have shown that even when the columns of the part P2 are completely in line with the spacing of the part P1, the transmitted force varies little, thanks to the rotatable field.
    Fig. 5 shows the distribution of magnetic fluxes at a given time for a coupling device according to a second embodiment. It is clearly seen that the magnetic flux passes through the air gap at different discontinuities of the magnetic circuit which consists of the two ferromagnetic elements F1 and F2. The closure of the magnetic circuit obtained due to the special shape of the ferromagnetic elements, each of the parts of which is provided, enables the establishment of the magnetic field for low signal frequencies lower than 2 kHz.
    Finally, it is noted that different embodiments can be achieved according to the principles of the invention. 10
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    Coupling device without electrical contact between a source and a load for transmitting an electric alternating current with a frequency of less than 2 kHz and with at least one phase, which device comprises a primary part (P1) intended to be connected to the source, and a secondary part (P2) intended to be connected to the load, these two parts being detachable and assembled at will in a special configuration intended for the transmission of power without electrical contact, each of the parts (P1, P2) comprising an element of ferromagnetic material (F1, F2) and at least one coil (B1, B2) enclosed in a tight enclosure, the shapes of the two ferromagnetic elements (F1, F2) are such that when the two parts (P1, P2) are assembled they form the two ferromagnetic elements (F1, F2 ) a closed ferromagnetic circuit, which after assembly has a plurality of minor discontinuities at the tight inclusions enclosing the parts, and wherein the respective positions of the coils (B1, B2) relative to the respective ferromagnetis elements (F1, F2) are such that when the two parts (P1, P2) are assembled, the coil of the primary part (P1), called the primary pole (B1), surrounds a branch of the ferromagnetic circuit, which is thus able to conduct a magnetic flux created by an alternating current flowing in this coil (B1) and the coil of the secondary part (P2), called secondary coil (B2), also surrounds a branch of the ferromagnetic circuit, so that an induced current flows in the secondary coil (B2) when the magnetic circuit is traversed by a variable magnetic flux, which device is characterized in that the electric current is a three-phase current, that one of the parts (P2) called trade, has a shape which enables coaxial insertion, during the assembly of the parts (P1, P2) , in a complementary opening supported by the second part called female part (P1), that the ferromagnetic elements (F1, F2) of the trade (P2) and the female part (P1) both have a rotational symmetry and are provided on the outside and inside respectively with an equal number of 6N longitudinal column er (C1 i, C2i), which are evenly distributed over the section of the ferromagnetic parts (F1, F2) and form an equal number of ferromagnetic circuit branches, where N is the number of pole pairs per phase, N is greater than or equal to 11 10 15 20 25 30 537 067 with 1, these columns (C1 i, C2i) enabling winding of 3N coils, the windings of 3N coils being made to form on the trade (P2) and the female part (P1) respectively a structure analogous to the structure of an asynchronous or synchronous three-phase motor with rotor / stator.
    [2]
    Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trade (P2) is hollowed out in the center for facilitating thermal exchange by convection.
    [3]
    Device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the enclosures of the parts and the parts (P1, P2) have such dimensions that the smaller discontinuities at the air gap are comprised between 2 and 40 mm.
    [4]
    Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the enclosures of the parts and the parts (P1, P2) have such dimensions that the smaller discontinuities at the air gap are comprised between 4 and 20 mm.
    [5]
    Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the enclosures of the parts and the parts (P1, P2) have such dimensions that the smaller discontinuities at the air gap are comprised between 5 and 10 mm.
    [6]
    Device according to any one of the preceding claims, which is intended to be implemented for one of the two parts, fixed, on an underwater base and, for the other part, on a mobile system, vehicle, sensor or underwater actuator intended to be placed on the underwater base to ensure a transmission of electric current between one and the other part.
    [7]
    Device according to claim 6, characterized in that each part of the device is adapted to be attached to the underwater base and the mobile system. 12
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE1251412A1|2013-04-02|
    AU2011273226A1|2013-01-17|
    FR2962251A1|2012-01-06|
    BR112012033471A2|2016-11-29|
    FR2962251B1|2013-11-15|
    GB2495241A|2013-04-03|
    WO2012001309A1|2012-01-05|
    NO20121508A1|2013-01-15|
    GB201223426D0|2013-02-06|
    US20130162380A1|2013-06-27|
    引用文献:
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    DE19621003A1|1996-05-24|1997-11-27|Vogt Electronic Ag|Two part connector for contactless energy and data transfer|
    SE9602079D0|1996-05-29|1996-05-29|Asea Brown Boveri|Rotating electric machines with magnetic circuit for high voltage and a method for manufacturing the same|
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    法律状态:
    2016-02-02| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1002754A|FR2962251B1|2010-06-30|2010-06-30|NON-CONTACT ELECTRONIC CONNECTION DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING ELECTRICAL POWER|
    PCT/FR2011/051525|WO2012001309A1|2010-06-30|2011-06-29|Connection device without electrical contact, allowing the transmission of three-phase electrical power|
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